grapefruit

PRIMARY MICRO NUTRIENTS	Potassium, Vitamin A, C
SECONDARY MICRO NUTRIENTS	Vitamin B5
NUTRITIONAL HIGHLIGHTS and NOTES	Limonoids, Flavonoids, Lycopene, Glucarates, Pectin
FUNCTIONAL BENEFITS	Cholesterol lowering and heart health – due to pectin fiber Normalizes hematocrit levels (% red blood cells per volume of blood)
PHYTONUTRIENTS	Flavonoid Naringin shown to promote elimination of red blood cells and also have adaptogenic effects – raising red blood cell count as well as lowering it Lycopene – heart health, anti-cancer, anti-macular degeneration Limonene – inhibits tumor formation by promoting formation of detoxifying enzyme glutathione-S-transferase in liver Glucarates in pulp – prevent breast cancer by helping body get rid of excess estrogen
PLANT FAMILY
DANGERS	High pesticides Peel contains high levels of oxalates and oils in peel can interfere with body functions – e.g. Citral in citrus peel antagonizes some of the effects of Vit A Naringin poses risk by blocking the actions of liver enzymes: Caffeine – extending effects and half-life of caffeine by blocking its breakdown and elimination Medication users (e.g. calcium channel blockers, statin drugs, sedatives, post organ transplant immune suppressant cyclosporine) by blocking metabolism of the drug leading to higher concentrations in body and toxic effects

		RDA	Grapefruit, raw, pink and red, all areas	% RDA
Nutrient	Unit		per100g
Water	g	3700	88.06	2.4%
Energy	kcal	2600	42	1.6%
Protein	g	90	0.77	0.9%
Total lipid (fat)	g	87	0.14	0.2%
Carbohydrate, by difference	g	224	10.66	4.8%
Fiber, total dietary	g	38	1.6	4.2%
Sugars, total	g		6.89
Minerals
Calcium, Ca	mg	1000	22	2.2%
Iron, Fe	mg	8	0.08	1.0%
Magnesium, Mg	mg	420	9	2.1%
Phosphorus, P	mg	700	18	2.6%
Potassium, K	mg	470	135	28.7%
Sodium, Na	mg		0
Zinc, Zn	mg	11	0.07	0.6%
Copper, Cu	mg	0.9	0.032	3.6%
Manganese, Mn	mg	2.3	0.022	1.0%
Selenium, Se	Âµg	55	0.1	0.2%
Vitamins
Vitamin C, total ascorbic acid	mg	90	31.2	34.7%
Thiamin	mg	1.2	0.043	3.6%
Riboflavin	mg	1.3	0.031	2.4%
Niacin	mg	16	0.204	1.3%
Pantothenic acid	mg	5	0.262	5.2%
Vitamin B-6	mg	1.7	0.053	3.1%
Folate, total	Âµg	400	13	3.3%
Choline, total	mg		7.7
Betaine	mg		0.1
Vitamin B-12	Âµg	2.4	0	0.0%
Vitamin A, IU	IU	5000	1150	23.0%
Vitamin E, total	mg	15	0.13	0.9%
Vitamin D	IU	600	0	0.0%
Vitamin K (phylloquinone)	Âµg	120	0	0.0%

RDA – Recommended Dietary Amount recommendations are based upon calculations for a 40 year old very active man that I have adapted from USDA’s Dietary Intake Guidelines. Using this link you can make your own calculations

Adapted from:

Murray, M. (2005). Encyclopedia of Healing Food. New York, N.Y.: Atria Books

USDA food database: http://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/2271?manu=&fgcd=

Fuhr, Uwe, K. R. I. S. T. I. N. A. Klittich, and A. Horst Staib. “Inhibitory effect of grapefruit juice and its bitter principal, naringenin, on CYP1A2 dependent metabolism of caffeine in man.” British journal of clinical pharmacology 35.4 (1993): 431-436

Bailey, D. G., Malcolm, J., Arnold, O., & David Spence, J. (1998). Grapefruit juice–drug interactions. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 46(2), 101–110. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.1998.00764.x

Other information sources:

World’s Healthiest Foods – an excellent online food and nutrition encyclopedia

Self Nutrition Data: an online nutrient breakdown of foods